Crash event detection, response and reporting apparatus and method

ABSTRACT

A crash detection system with a mobile communications device configured for periodically interrogating (a) a motion signal to determine whether a change in motion (acceleration or angular rotation) exceeds a predetermined motion threshold and (b) a sound signal to determine whether a sequence of sensed sound signals within a predetermined period matches crash sound indicators of (i) glass breakage and (ii) metal folding, displaying selectable options upon detection of a crash incident, and upon a failure to select within a predetermined period, communicating an identifier and crash incident information dispatch center for dispatching a response servicer.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for responding tomotor vehicle crash events. More particularly, the present inventionrelates to apparatus and methods for detecting the occurrence of a motorvehicle crash, responding to the detection of the motor vehicle crash,and reporting the detection of the motor vehicle crash.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In recent years, improved roadways, traffic control devices, and safetydevices that are installed and operated in motor vehicles have resultedin safer transportation by motor vehicle. Nevertheless, incidents andaccidents involving car and truck motor vehicles continue to occur.These include vehicle-to-vehicle collisions as well as single vehicleaccidents. While typically such incidents occur in locations whereresponse personnel may be readily directed to provide medical and towservices, some incidents involving disappearance of the motor vehicleand its operation occur (such as a single vehicle accident in which thevehicle leaves the roadway and becomes hidden from view in woods orwater).

Also, monitoring services seek “how am I driving” reports typically forfleet operators to monitor driving activities of vehicle operators butparents having children as new or inexperienced drivers also have becomeinterested in monitoring and reporting on motor vehicle operations.

While systems having GPS location tracking features and cellulartelecommunications devices have been installed in motor vehicles forcommunications between occupants and a tracking service provider, thereare drawbacks to such systems. The operator may be injured or blockedfrom initiating communications. Also, the operator may be using adifferent vehicle such as a rental vehicle.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an improved system andmethod for detecting occurrences of motor vehicle incidents, respondingto detection of motor vehicle incident occurrences, and tracking andreporting on detection of and responses to motor vehicle incidentoccurrences. It is to such that the present invention is directed.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention meets the need in the art by providing a motorvehicle crash detection system, comprising a tracking and dispatchcenter having a computer processor configured with an electronic memorydevice that maintains driver information of driver name, address,insurance company and policy number for a plurality of drivers andmaintains vehicle crash information of motor vehicle, crash locationdata, date and time, and optionally one or more sequences of sounds froma crash location, one or more images thereof, for a plurality of crashedmotor vehicles. A plurality of mobile communications devices, eachassociated with a respective one of the plurality of drivers are eachconfigured with a sensor that generates a motion signal responsive tochanges in motion of the mobile communications device and a soundreceiver for receiving a sound signal of sound proximate the mobilecommunications device. The mobile communications device configured withsoftware instructions that upon execution monitors for an occurrence ofa crash event by periodically interrogating (a) the motion signal todetermine whether a change in motion exceeds a predetermined motionthreshold or (b) the sound signal to determine whether a sequence ofsensed sound signals within a predetermined period matches crash soundindicators of (i) glass breakage and (ii) metal folding. Each mobilecommunications device comprising a display that upon determining theoccurrence of the crash incident displays a possible event window forselection of one of (a) to return the mobile communications device tomonitoring for the occurrence of the crash incident and (b) to confirmthe crash incident. The mobile communications device, upon (a)confirmation of the crash incident or (b) a failure of selection of oneof the selectable options within a predetermined period, communicates bya communications network an identifier associated with the mobilecommunications device and crash incident information of a location data,date and time to the tracking and dispatch center. The tracking anddispatch center dispatches at least one response servicer to a site ofthe crash incident based on the location data. The response servicerproviding an imaging device and a communications device. Images receivedby the imaging device communicate by the communications device throughthe network to the tracking and dispatch center. A claims servicerreceives from the tracking and dispatch center notice of the identifierand crash event information, the claims service center configured forservicing an insurance claim arising from the crash event usinginformation communicated to the tracking and dispatch center.

Objects, advantages, and features of the present invention may bereadily determined upon a reading of the following detailed descriptionin conjunction with the drawings and the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic overview of an illustrative embodiment ofa crash detection, response, and reporting apparatus in accordance withthe present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a process flow of an exemplary embodiment of anapplication for a mobile computer device configured for crash detection,response and reporting in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates a screen image for operating the crash detection,response and reporting application.

FIG. 4 illustrates a screen image during monitoring the operation of thecrash detection, response and reporting application.

FIG. 5 illustrates a crash detected screen displayed when the crashdetection, response and reporting application determines that a possiblecrash event may have occurred.

FIG. 6 illustrates a screen image following detection of a possiblecrash event by the crash detection, response and reporting application.

FIG. 7 illustrates a screen image of the crash detection, response andreporting application after a request for assistance.

FIG. 8 illustrates a second screen image of the crash detection,response and reporting application after a request for assistance.

Objects, advantages and features of the present invention of crash eventdetection, response and reporting apparatus and method will becomereadily apparent upon a reading of the following detailed description inreference to the drawings and the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference to the drawings, in which like parts have like referencenumerals, FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic overview of an illustrativeembodiment of a crash detection, response, and reporting apparatus 10 inaccordance with the present invention. The apparatus 10 supports motorvehicle insurance and tracking services for drivers of motor vehicles 12with a computer software application 14 configured for crash detection,response and reporting operable on a mobile communications device 16.The mobile communications device 16 includes a microprocessor device,communications module, and display. The mobile communications deviceincludes, but is not limited to cellular telephone, tablet computer,laptop portable computer, or other similar microprocessor deviceconfigured with an operating system, information input devices (mouse,keyboard, touchscreen, actual or virtual), and a display device forpresentation of information during operation of the application. Forexample, the possession of cellular telephones is becoming moreprevalent. The application 14 resident on the cellular telephone in thepossession of the driver during motor vehicle operation, and operatingin a background mode, provides a passively present crash detection,response, and reporting feature for drivers as well as others having aninterest in the status of the driver and the motor vehicle. The mobilecommunications device 16 includes conventionally an accelerometer 17 afor detecting changes in linear acceleration and alternatively agyroscope 17 b (one or more axis) configured for detecting changes inangular rotation of the device. The accelerometer 17 a and the gyroscope17 b detect changes in motion of the mobile communications device andthus may indicate changes in the status of the motor vehicle (i.e.,especially a potential crash based on rapid changes in accelerationand/or rapid changes in angular rotation). The application 14periodically interrogates and determines changes in motion of the mobilecommunications device (acceleration and/or angular rotation) bycommunicating with, and receiving one or more motion signals from theaccelerometer 17 a and from the gyroscope 17 b. In an alternateembodiment, the accelerometer 17 a and/or gyroscope 17 b may be aseparate device installed in the motor vehicle, which communicate withthe mobile communications device 16.

The apparatus 10 includes a central tracking/dispatch center 18, with acomputer server or processor 20. The computer server 20 includesconventional memory or storage devices and is configured for maintaining(adding, updating, revising) a database 21 with information retained onthe storage device. The database 21 of the tracking/dispatch center 18receives and stores the motion information and the sound signals onwhich the crash incident was determined, upon communication from themobile communications device of such information and signals through acommunications network. Further, the database maintains driverinformation of driver name, address, insurance company and policy numberfor a plurality of drivers and maintains vehicle crash information ofmotor vehicle, crash location data, date and time, and optionally one ormore sequences of sounds from a crash location, one or more imagesthereof, for a plurality of crashed motor vehicles. The computer server20 is further configured for analyzing and reporting on the status ofmotor vehicles having information tracked though the database of thecentral tracking/dispatch center 18.

The apparatus 10 includes one or more response services. These may beindependent service providers or dependent providers related to thecentral tracking/dispatch center 18. The illustrated embodiment includesa plurality of tow truck service/features 22 as a response service. Theresponse service includes a tow truck 22 and a portable lanterncamera/communications device 24. The portable lantern device 24 includesa high-wattage light 25, a camera 27, and a communications device 29.The light 25 is selectively operable for night illumination. The camera27 operates in video or still modes for imaging of the crash event, thesite, the motor vehicle(s) involved, and creating other picturedocumentation related to the crash event. The communications device 29provides two-way communications, such as cellular, wife, radio, orother, for communicating with the persons involved in the crash event,with the central tracking/dispatch center 18, with the tow serviceprovider, or others as appropriate. Live images may be transmitted asappropriate, for example, but not limited to emergency care and servicesproviders or the dispatcher 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the towtruck 23 optionally includes digital video recording andtelecommunications equipment 19 (i.e. MDVR and multiple cameras) forcommunicating images to the server 20, as well as capturing multiplevideo images from the tow truck and from the portable lantern camera 24that communicates with and through the telecommunications equipment. Inyet another alternate embodiment, the lantern camera/MDVR 24 providesthe on-site imaging functionality and there is no MDVR equipment mountedon the truck except for other wireless cameras carried, for example, inthe truck or by other responders, which communicate through the lanterncamera/MDVR 24 to the server 20. In an alternate embodiment, theportable lantern device 24 may be embodied in mobile communicationsdevice such as a cellphone equipped with a light emitting device, avideo imager, and a transceiver device for cellular networkcommunications, and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configuredwith a software application for selectively activating the imager forreceiving images (video or separate image) of a crash site, storing theimages and selectively communicating the images through the network toreceiver. The light provides lighting for night activities at a crashsite.

The apparatus 10 further includes a claims servicer 26 that providesmotor vehicle claims information and processing services to insurancecarriers and motor vehicle owners and operators such as fleet operators.

The application 14, dispatch 18, ISP (independent service provider) 22,and the insurance claims servicer 26 communicate through acommunications network generally 30 including wireless, cellular,telephony, radio (two-way), world wide web communications devices andconnections, and other suitable electronic communications devices.

The server 20 is configured with the database 21 for tracking motorvehicles and drivers registered with the service, through a fleetoperator, an insurance company as a service for its insured, orindependently such as parents of young drivers. Further, the apparatus10 may gainfully be used by a fleet operator as an independent separatesystem.

FIG. 2 illustrates a process flow 50 of an exemplary embodiment of theapplication 14 operable with the mobile communications device 16 forcrash detection, response and reporting in accordance with the presentinvention. The driver initiates 52 operation of the application 14. Theapplication 14 may operate in a background mode of the mobilecommunications device so that other routine uses of the mobilecommunications device 16 (such as cellphone calls, internet access,email receiving and transmitting, mapping and routing directions, andother conventional uses) may proceed.

The application 14 monitors 54 for indicators of a crash event. In theillustrative embodiment, detection of motion above a preset speed causesthe application 14 to commence the crash detection monitoring functions.The mobile communications device 16 includes conventionally theaccelerometer 17 a, and the application 14 periodically interrogates theaccelerometer by communicating with, and receiving an accelerationsignal from, the accelerometer. An alternate embodiment includes thegyroscope 17 b that detects changes in angular rotation. The application14 in this embodiment periodically interrogates the gyroscope 17 b forreceiving angular rotation signals indicating rapid rotation of themobile communication device (for example, rolling over of a motorvehicle). The mobile communications device 16 includes a sound receiveror microphone.

The crash indicators include the motor vehicle motion signal and thesounds 58 received proximate the mobile communications device 16. Themotion signal may be the acceleration 56 signals, the angular rotationsignals 57, or both. The application 14 periodically receives 60 themotion information of the motor vehicle from the force monitoring deviceor accelerometer and alternatively the angular rotation signals 57 fromthe angular rotation measuring device. The application 14 also receivesaudio signals though the microphone. Rapid declaration, rapid changes inrotation, and glass breakage/metal folding sounds indicate a possiblecrash event. A crash indicator database 62 provides accident or crashevent correlated motion and sounds thresholds. The information isprocessed 64 and compared with standards maintained in the database 62to determine 65 whether a possible crash event has occurred. If not, theapparatus continues monitoring 66 for crash event signals. The use ofmultiple indicators of a crash event facilitates reduction of falsealarms.

Monitoring crash event indications 54 involves detecting sounds with amobile device microphone that exceed a predetermined threshold,detecting changes in acceleration with 3-axis (x, y, z) accelerometersthat exceed a predetermined threshold, and/or detecting changes inangular rotation that exceed a predetermined threshold. Upon detectingone or more high threshold events, the application 14 may check aGPS-based speed for evidence that the mobile communications device isslowing or rotating rapidly or has stopped moving. If the GPS-basedspeed is unchanged, the application 14 would reject 82 the detectedevent and return to crash monitoring 54. If the GPS-based speedindicated slowing/rotation/stopping, the processing of the sound andmotion recording files, which would include recording for apredetermined period of pre-event sound and motion information andpost-event recording of such information for a second predeterminedperiod.

In an illustrative embodiment, the application 14 maintains a continuousrecording database of the motion and audio signals received duringmonitoring. The database is configured for maintaining a lead portion(pre-event) of a predetermined period preceding the possible crash eventand a trailing portion (post-event) of a second predetermined periodpost-possible crash event. The recorded database uploads to the centraltracking/dispatch center 18 during notification communication of apossible crash event to the central tracking/dispatch center 18. Thedatabase 21 of the tracking/dispatch center 18 receives and stores themotion information and the sound signals on which the crash incident wasdetermined, upon communication from the mobile communications device 16of such information and signals through a communications network 30.Further, the database 21 maintains driver information of driver name,address, insurance company and policy number for a plurality of driversand maintains vehicle crash information of motor vehicle, crash locationdata, date and time, and optionally one or more sequences of sounds froma crash location, one or more images thereof, for a plurality of crashedmotor vehicles.

If the application determines 68 that a possible crash event hasoccurred, the application alerts 70 the driver. Determination of apossible crash event in the illustrative embodiment involves both soundand motion crash indicators being determined as true (i.e., exceedingrespective predetermined thresholds). An exceeded sound threshold aloneor an exceeded acceleration threshold alone or an exceed angularrotation alone may be rejected as indicating a crash event andprocessing would return to monitor 54. The combination may indicate acrash event. The alert 70 presents a visual message 104 (see FIG. 5) ona display of the mobile communications device 16. The alert 70 mayinclude an unmistakable audio tone at high volume to draw the driver'sattention to the mobile communications device 16. The driver may respondin the negative and the application 14 then returns to the monitor 54processes. If the driver confirms the crash event, the applicationpresents 72 selective choices for calling 911 or emergency contact,contact the insurance carrier, request roadside assistance, or cancel,as discussed below in reference to FIG. 6.

If the driver does not respond 72 after a predetermined period of time(for example, but not limitation, a period of 60 seconds), theapplication 14 initiates assistance. This includes notification toemergency centers (such as to local police authorities) 74, notification76 to the central tracking/dispatch center 18, and initial accidentnotification 78 to the claims service center 26. The application mayalso evaluate 80 whether the accelerometer and sounds information shouldbe uploaded to the crash indicator database.

The driver, upon being alerted to the possible crash event, mayselectively respond for the system to ignore 82 the possible crash event(i.e., no crash event occurred); or 83 to initiate 84 telephone contactwith appropriate local police authorities; to contact the insurancecarrier 85 or to request 86 assistance. The application provides updates88 to the driver as to the status of the requested assistance. Suchupdates for example, may include contact information for a tow truckoperator and arrival time. The driver may select to cancel 89 thenotifications and processing of crash event services by the application14.

The application 14 accordingly synchronizes the crash event with themotorists, the date and time of crash event, the place of the crashevent, and the severity of the crash event. This information provides abasis for accident reconstruction, predictive indications of potentialloss and injury, and also perfects the validity of the report of thecrash event by the motorist involved while supporting officialinvestigative reports. The detected and recorded motion information(i.e., the acceleration signal and the angular rotation signal) provideadditional information useful for accident reconstruction evaluations.

FIG. 3 illustrates a screen image 100 for operating the crash detection,response and reporting application 14 on the mobile communicationsdevice 16. The application 14 displays an activate button 102. Operatingthe button 102 causes the application 14 to operate in the background ofthe mobile communications device 16, monitoring for a possible crashevent, and responding appropriately, as discussed above. It is to beappreciated that the initiate screen 100 (and the monitoring screen 110(FIG. 4) are in an exemplary embodiment of a stand-alone application. Aproduction application in an alternate embodiment such as provided tocustomers of an insurance provider, may embed the application 14 withina hosting application for the insured of the insurance provider or asimilar hosting application with other consumer-facing features andservices of the provider (for example, display a report of policy termsand limits, provide for changes to policy coverage, add, delete ormodify driver and motor vehicle information, and other insuranceservicing features.)

FIG. 4 illustrates the monitoring screen 110 that may be displayedduring the monitor processing of the crash detection, response andreporting application 14. The screen 110 includes a status window 111.The status window displays a short descriptive phrase as to the statusof the application 14 shown in Table 1 below:

TABLE 1 Status Window Phrases Phrase Definition Crash Sensing -Monitoring the application 14 is monitoring for a possible crash eventCrash Detected - Triggered the application 14 detects sound and motioninformation indicating a crash event may have occurred Crash Sensing -Confirmed a crash event has occurred; the application 14 provides actionoptions for selection by the driver Crash Sensing - Reported the crashevent has been reported and status of action options and of responseservicers are displayed

The window 111 in FIG. 4 indicates that the application 14 is monitoringfor a possible crash event. The application 14 monitors sound events,and may provide a real-time signal display 112 on the screen 110.Further, the screen 110 displays 114 the three axis acceleration of themotor vehicle. A cancel button 116 causes the application to ceaseoperating. A “in-accident” button 118 enables the driver to initiatecrash event processing by the application 14, including notification tothe central tracking/dispatch center 18 that a crash event has occurred.In response to the “in-accident” button 118, the application 14communicates crash information, vehicle information and driverinformation using the communications of the mobile communications device16. A window 119 displays the driver and vehicle information.Alternatively, the display may present a graphic (not illustrated) ofthe motor vehicle based on the detected changes in the angular rotationof the mobile communications device 16.

FIG. 5 illustrates a crash detected screen 103 displayed when theapplication 14 determines that a possible crash event may have occurred.The screen 103 may be accompanied with an unmistakable audio tone athigh volume to draw the driver's attention to the mobile device. Thescreen 103 displays a possible event window 104 that includes the time104 a and GPS coordinates 104 b as well as the vehicle information 119window. The screen 103 includes a “no accident—disregard” button 106 andan accident confirmation button 105 with text “Yes, I was in anaccident.” The driver operates the “I was in an accident” button 105 toconfirm the detection of a crash event. The driver operates the “noaccident—disregard” button if the detection was incorrect as no crashincident had occurred.

The “I was in an accident” button 118 shown in FIG. 4 is forcircumstances where the driver wants to proceed manually to report acrash event without the application detecting the crash event; FIG. 5provides the confirmation “accident” button 105 for the driver toconfirm that the detection of the crash event by the application wascorrect. Both buttons 118 and 105 cause the application 14 to proceed tocrash event processing in reference to FIG. 6. The“no-accident—disregard” button 106 causes the application 14 to returnto the monitoring screen 110 and monitoring as shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 illustrates a screen 120 displayed to the driver on the mobilecommunications device 16 following detection of a possible crash eventby the crash detection, response and reporting application 14. Thewindow 111 in FIG. 6 indicates that the application 14 acknowledges orconfirms receiving the crash event notice following the use of theconfirm button 118. The screen 120 includes an insurance window 122 thatdisplays the name and address of the insured; the make, model andvehicle identification number of the insured motor vehicle; and theinsurance carrier and policy number. The screen 120 provides selectivelyactuated buttons to direct the activities of the application 14. A“call” button 123 causes the application 14 to imitate a telephone callto the insurance carrier. A “cancel” button 124 directs the applicationto resume monitoring for a possible crash event. The application 14notifies the central tracking/dispatch center 18. A “call 911” button126 directs the application 14 to initiate a telephone call to localemergency services such as local police and ambulance services.

A “request assistance” button 128 initiates services from independentservice providers 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the independentservice provider 22 is a roadside assistance service. The application 14communicates this request to the central tracking/dispatch center 18.The information communicated by the application 14 includes the vehicleidentification number, the driver information and contact phone number,and the location, time, and event. A crash event window 129 displayscrash event information including the report time, the location of thecrash event (address, if determined), a geographical coordinatedesignation, and crash severity. The “cancel” button 124 cancels thereporting and status monitoring activities. Appropriate information forcancellation communicates from the mobile communication device 16, suchas to the tracking/dispatch center 18 and/or the service provider 22.

FIG. 7 illustrates a screen 130 of the crash detection, response andreporting application 14 after a request for assistance is selected. Thewindow 111 in FIG. 7 indicates that the application 14 has reported thecrash event. The screen 130 displays the insurance window 122 and thecrash information window 129. Optionally, the screen 130 may display thetime of detection of the crash event and the time the crash event wasreported to the central tracking/dispatch center 18. The screen 130includes an update field 134. The application 14 presents in the updatefield 134 the status of the requested assistance. This includes the type136 of assistance requested, the time 138 the request was made, and thestatus 140 of the response. The screen 130 may include an initiateemergency call button 137. A cancel assistance button 139 communicates acancellation notice to the independent service provider 22 and to thetracking/dispatch center 18.

FIG. 8 illustrates a second screen 150 of the crash detection, responseand reporting application after a request for assistance, depictingupdated assistance information 152. This may include the time ofdispatch 154 and an estimate time of arrival 156. The update field mayalso present (not illustrated) the contact information of the tow truckdriver. A call button 157 initiates telephonic communication with theoperator of the tow truck. Optionally, a confirm arrival button enablesthe driver to communicate status information to the tracking/dispatchcenter 18. A cancel button 159 communicates a cancellation notice to theindependent service provider 22 and to the tracking/dispatch center 18.

Although not illustrated, the application 14 includes user setup screensfor entry of driver and vehicle information. This information includesthe driver name and address, insurance company and policy, and thevehicle identification number and make and model. The informationuploads to the database 21 on the server 20. The native application,downloaded and installed on the mobile communications device 16,maintains background processes such as environmental monitoring thatoccurs. The environmental conditions for monitoring may be selectedthrough appropriate control screens. For example, environmentalmonitoring may occur under conditions which correspond to the userdriving or riding in a moving vehicle above a specified speed (e.g. 5mph). Optional detection of known vehicle RF emitters (e.g. BT or WiFi)may be used to enhance recognition of in-vehicle operation. That is,detection of RF signals may cause the application 14 to commencemonitoring. In an alternate embodiment, the application 14 operates froma selection button provided through a hosting application such asprovided as an SAAS web site of an insurance carrier or fleet operator.

As discussed above, the environmental monitoring includes periodicallyreceiving and evaluating x, y, z accelerometer outputs and/or gyroscopeaxis output (such as accelerometer or gyroscope devices embodied in themobile communications device 16) and microphone (e.g. engine sounds,ambient sounds) for communication of sounds for analysis of possiblecrash events. In addition, the application may receive motor vehiclespeed signals (either GPS or handset-based cellular assisted) andconfigured for translating to approximate vehicle x, y, z coordinatesand thus speed and angular rotation. A determination of a significantpossible crash event may be made upon detection of multiple ambientconditions, such as: high negative acceleration in the motor vehicle xor y axis, rapid negative change in vehicle speed, high or rapid changesin angular rotation, and sounds corresponding to vehicle impacts. Analternate embodiment includes spectral analysis for sounds of glassbreaking and metal shearing, bending, folding, or otherwise experiencinghigh impact change, in the possible crash event determination. Thedetermination is made based on a reasonable match of sounds from theevent with sounds from known crash events. Such information may bemaintained in a crash indicators database.

Upon determination 65 of a significant possible crash event, actions maybe initiated (automatically or selectively) which may include:

a. Prompting 70 the mobile communications device 16 via screen message104 and notification sound requesting driver confirmation 105, 106whether a crash event has occurred and whether the driver wants to placean emergency 911 call.

b. If the user confirms a crash, the application may immediately send 83a message to third-party for roadside assistance initiation and also tothe tracking/dispatch center 18.

c. If the user does not respond to the application notification (e.g.because the driver is injured or otherwise unable to respond), theapplication may prompt the driver with an audible message to confirmverbally to call 911 via voice command. Optionally, the application maybe configured to include the user/driver opting into an automatic crashnotification feature which activates a speakerphone-based 911 call topermit a 911 operator to interrogate the driver hands-free.

Upon initiation of the roadside assistance call, the application 14 maybe used to communicate the status of roadside assistance response. Thisfeature may be subject to the level of integration with the roadsideassistance company or other service provider.

The application of the present invention provides improved reporting ofmotor vehicle accident and crash information to persons having interestin the driver status (such as, parents, central tracking/dispatch, fleetoperators, and others), while providing early initiation and firstnotice to the insurance claim service of the crash event, and providingdispatch of independent service provider services 22 such as tow truckservices, though a machine-to-machine monitor, tracking, andnotification system. The first notice available through the monitor,tracking, and notification system facilities claims processing byproviding the identification of the insured motorist, the motor vehicleinvolved, the location of the vehicle and the crash event, and updatesof the status. Further, the application in an alternate embodimentincludes video/photo recording features following detection/confirmationof a crash event. This enables the driver to generate video/photo imagefiles that may automatically upload to the tracking/dispatch center 18and servers 20 to complement or substitute for tow truck-generatedvideo/photo information.

With reference to the drawings and FIGS. 1 and 2, the system 10 detectsthe crash of the motor vehicle with crash detection device carried withthe motor vehicle for crash response and reporting. The driver (orpassenger) carries or brings into the motor vehicle the mobilecommunications device 16 configured with the sensor that generates themotion signal responsive to motion of the mobile communications deviceand a sound receiver for receiving a sound signal of sound proximate themobile communications device. The motion signal may be the accelerationsignal from the accelerometer 17 a, the angular rotation signal from thegyroscope 17 b, or both. The mobile communications device 16 configuredwith software instructions or application 14 that upon executionmonitors for an occurrence of a crash event by periodicallyinterrogating (a) the motion signal to determine whether a change inmotion exceeds a predetermined motion threshold and (b) the sound signalto determine whether a sequence of sensed sound signals within apredetermined period matches crash sound indicators of (i) glassbreakage and (ii) metal folding. A display that upon determining theoccurrence of the crash incident displays a possible event window with aselectable option of the driver or passenger (a) to return the mobilecommunications device to monitoring for the occurrence of the crashincident or (b) to confirm the crash incident. Upon a failure ofselection of one of the selectable options within a predeterminedperiod, communicating by the communications network 30 an identifierassociated with the mobile communications device 16 and crash incidentinformation including the location data to a tracking and dispatchcenter 18 having a pre-registered record of the mobile communicationsdevice 16 and configured for receiving and storing the accelerationinformation and the sound signals on which the crash incident wasdetermined. The servicer 22 dispatched by the tracking and dispatchcenter 18 responds to the site of the crash incident based on thelocation data.

The claims service center 26 is configured for servicing an insuranceclaim arising from the crash incident as reported by the tracking anddispatch center 18. Additional incident services may be provided, suchas providing through the servicer 22 a transport vehicle fortransporting a damaged motor vehicle to the crash site and alsoproviding insurance claims process services for the motor vehicle owner,operator and insurer including documentation, images, and accidentincident details about the operation of the motor vehicle.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the system 10 in accordance with thepresent invention operates 52 for detecting a crash incident of themotor vehicle with crash detection response and reporting. The system 10provides (a) the plurality of mobile communications devices 12 eachcarried by a driver or passenger in the motor vehicle. Each mobilecommunications device 12 has the motion sensor (accelerometer 52 as anacceleration sensor and/or gyroscope as an angular rotation sensor) thatgenerates the motion signal responsive to motion of the mobilecommunications device 12 and the sound receiver for receiving a soundsignal of sound proximate the mobile communications device. The mobilecommunications device 12 is configured with software instructions thatupon execution monitors 54 (preferably in the background of theoperation thereof) for the occurrence of a crash event. The softwareinstructions are configured 64 for (b) periodically interrogating (a)the motion signal to determine whether the change in motion exceeds apredetermined threshold, (that is, of the accelerometer 56 to determinewhether a change in acceleration exceeds a predetermined accelerationthreshold and/or the gyroscope to determine whether a change in angularrotation exceeds a predetermined rotation threshold), and (b) the soundsignal to determine whether a sequence of sensed sound signals within apredetermined period matches crash sound indicators of (i) glassbreakage and (ii) metal folding. Then, (c) based on the interrogationsof the motion signal(s) and the sound signal, the mobile communicationsdevice 12 determine 65 whether a crash incident occurred, and if so 68the display of the mobile communications device 12 alerts the driver 70and displays a possible event window 104 (see FIG. 5) for selection bythe driver of one of (a) return 106 the mobile communications device tomonitoring 54 for the occurrence of a crash event and (b) to confirm 105the crash event. In one aspect the mobile communications device (d)makes an alert, which may be audible or visual. In response, (e)determining 71 whether the alert generated a crash response by thedriver through the mobile communications device, and if not, 72communicating a location data of the crash incident to a serviceprovider for response. For example, upon a failure of selection of oneof the selectable options within a predetermined period, the mobilecommunications device 12 communicating by a communications network 30 anidentifier associated with the mobile communications device and crashincident information of the location data, date and time to the trackingand dispatch center 18 for entry into the database 21. Further, thesystem 10 includes at least one response servicer 22 for dispatching bythe tracking and dispatch center to the site of the crash incident basedon the location data, the response servicer 22 providing the lanterndevice 24 having the light 25, the imaging device 27, and acommunications device 29, whereby images received by the imaging device27 communicate by the communications device 29 through the network 30 tothe tracking and dispatch center 18. The images may be video or singleframe. Further, (f) the tracking and dispatch center 18 communicating astatus of the service provider 22 response to the mobile communicationsdevice 12. Alternatively, the response servicer 22 may provide thevehicle transporter (tow truck 23) for vehicle pull-out or movement atthe crash site and for transport to a repair center or storage facility.The tow truck may include an electronic data storage device forcommunication with the imaging device and recording of images prior tocommunicating the recorded images to the tracking and dispatch center18.

An alternate embodiment includes alternative reporting and action pathfor commercial vehicle operators that addresses the difference inprocedures for motor vehicles and trucks used in cartage. For example,the third party servicer may include cargo insurance carriers, emergencyresponse teams for tracking and fleet operators, hazardous materialshandling and clean-up services, salvage and similar such services. Suchembodiment provides for simultaneous reporting and alternate claiminformation streams.

The crash detection, response and reporting apparatus 10 according tothe present invention establishes, occupies, and provides an effectiveinterlinked network of a plurality of motor vehicles 12 each trackedlocally during motor vehicle operation by a microprocessor-basedapplication 14 that executes software code on the mobile communicationsdevice 16 of the driver, featuring communications networked driver/motorvehicle, central tracking/dispatch monitoring center 18, and attendantservices including claims servicer 26 for an insurance carrier andsupport features for drivers such as tow truck services 22, for anend-to-end motor vehicle status tracking and reporting system featuringimproved first notice of loss and machine-to-machine communicatingbetween the motor vehicle, the monitoring center, and the servicesoffering independent service providers (tow truck operators or claimsservicers, for illustrative non-limiting examples), and enhanced revenuefor insurance providers tracking motor vehicle status, incidents, andincident or accident reconstruction, documentation, and adjustment. Theimproved first notice of loss provided by the operation of the automatedcrash detection application 14 benefits insurance carriers, fleetoperators, and individual motor vehicle operators by identifying theinsured motorist or driver and the location of the incident involvingthe driver and the motor vehicle while providing coverage details toimprove claims processing efficiencies and advance the handling andresolution of claims though automatic or manual reporting of incidentoccurrences and communication to service providers of assistance needs.The system tracks and monitors vehicle care and logistics, while furtherassisting with evaluation of accident causes and reconstruction forresolution purposes.

The application 14 operates 52 in a background mode automatically orupon initiation by a driver and resolves locating insurance informationfrom a wallet or storage within the motor vehicle. Independent serviceproviders 22 such as tow truck operators benefit with automatedidentification of insured drivers, motor vehicle or incident location,and automatic or manual initiation of service support and response.Images of service response at the incident location are readily uploadedusing the lantern 24 and the video and telecommunications equipment 19of the service provider 22 to the monitoring center 18 to providedocumentation for service fees while potentially reducing claims againstservice providers. Insurance claims servicers 26 obtain automated andseamless communications of identified motorist claimants and improvedtimely first notice of loss and further benefit with increasedefficiency of services dispatch processing and handling of claimsresolutions including as appropriate access and uploading of live videoand audio from incidents. Fleet (as well as individual) motor vehiclesoperated by drivers registered with the central tracking/dispatchmonitoring center 18 are readily monitored, assisted and reported onappropriately.

Computer networks suitable for use with the embodiments described hereininclude local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), Internet,or other connection services and network variations such as the worldwide web, the public internet, a private internet, a private computernetwork, a public network, a mobile network, a cellular network, avalue-added network, and the like. Computing devices coupled orconnected to the network may be any microprocessor controlled devicethat permits access to the network, including terminal devices, such aspersonal computers, workstations, servers, mini computers, main-framecomputers, laptop computers, mobile computers, palm top computers, handheld computers, mobile phones, TV set-top boxes, or combinationsthereof. The computer network may include one of more LANs, WANs,Internets, and computers. The computers may serve as servers, clients,or a combination thereof.

The crash detection, response and reporting apparatus and method can bea component of a single system, multiple systems, and/or geographicallyseparate systems. The crash detection, response and reporting apparatusand method can also be a subcomponent or subsystem of a single system,multiple systems, and/or geographically separate systems. The crashdetection, response and reporting components can be coupled to one ormore other components (not shown) of a host system or a system coupledto the host system.

One or more components of the crash detection, response and reportingapparatus and method and/or a corresponding interface, system orapplication to which the crash detection, response and reportingapparatus is coupled or connected includes and/or runs under and/or inassociation with a processing system. The processing system includes anycollection of processor-based devices or computing devices operatingtogether, or components of processing systems or devices, as is known inthe art. For example, the processing system can include one or more of aportable computer, portable communication device operating in acommunication network, and/or a network server. The portable computercan be any of a number and/or combination of devices selected from amongpersonal computers, personal digital assistant devices, portablecomputing devices, and portable communication devices, but is not solimited. The processing system can include components within a largercomputer system.

The processing system of an embodiment includes at least one processorand at least one memory device or subsystem. The processing system canalso include or be coupled to at least one database. The term“processor” as generally used herein refers to any logic processingunit, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), digitalsignal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits(ASIC), etc. The processor and memory can be monolithically integratedonto a single chip, distributed among a number of chips or components,and/or provided by some combination of algorithms. The methods describedherein can be implemented in one or more of software algorithm(s),programs, firmware, hardware, components, circuitry, in any combination.

The components of any system that include the crash detection, responseand reporting apparatus and method can be located together or inseparate locations. Communication paths couple the components andinclude any medium for communicating or transferring files among thecomponents. The communication paths include wireless connections, wiredconnections, and hybrid wireless/wired connections. The communicationpaths also include couplings or connections to networks including localarea networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), wide areanetworks (WANs), proprietary networks, interoffice or backend networks,and the Internet. Furthermore, the communication paths include but arenot limited to, removable fixed mediums like floppy disks, hard diskdrives, and CD-ROM disks, as well as flash RAM, Universal Serial Bus(USB) connections, RS-232 connections, telephone lines, buses, andelectronic mail messages.

Aspects of the crash detection, response and reporting apparatus andcorresponding systems and methods described herein may be implemented asfunctionality programmed into any of a variety of circuitry, includingprogrammable logic devices (PLDs), such as field programmable gatearrays (FPGAs), programmable array logic (PAL) devices, electricallyprogrammable logic and memory devices and standard cell-based devices,as well as application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Some otherpossibilities for implementing aspects of the crash detection, responseand reporting apparatus and method and corresponding systems and methodsinclude: microcontrollers with memory (such as electronically erasableprogrammable read only memory (EEPROM)), embedded microprocessors,firmware, software, etc. Furthermore, aspects of the crash detection,response and reporting apparatus and method and corresponding systemsand methods may be embodied in microprocessors having software-basedcircuit emulation, discrete logic (sequential and combinatorial), customdevices, fuzzy (neural) logic, quantum devices, and hybrids of any ofthe above device types. Of course the underlying device technologies maybe provided in a variety of component types, e.g., metal-oxidesemiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) technologies likecomplementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), bipolar technologieslike emitter-coupled logic (ECL), polymer technologies (e.g.,silicon-conjugated polymer and metal-conjugated polymer-metalstructures), mixed analog and digital, etc.

It should be noted that any system, method, and/or other componentsdisclosed herein may be described using computer aided design tools andexpressed (or represented), as data and/or instructions embodied invarious computer-readable media, in terms of their behavioral, registertransfer, logic component, transistor, layout geometries, and/or othercharacteristics. Computer-readable media in which such formatted dataand/or instructions may be embodied include, but are not limited to,non-volatile storage media in various forms (e.g., optical, magnetic orsemiconductor storage media) and carrier waves that may be used totransfer such formatted data and/or instructions through wireless,optical, or wired signaling media or any combination thereof. Examplesof transfers of such formatted data and/or instructions by carrier wavesinclude, but are not limited to, transfers (uploads, downloads, e-mail,etc.) over the Internet and/or other computer networks via one or moredata transfer protocols (e.g., HTTP, FTP, SMTP, etc.). When receivedwithin a computer system via one or more computer-readable media, suchdata and/or instruction-based expressions of the above describedcomponents may be processed by a processing entity (e.g., one or moreprocessors) within the computer system in conjunction with execution ofone or more other computer programs.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout thedescription and the claims, the words “comprise,” “comprising,” and thelike are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to anexclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in a sense of “including,but not limited to.” Words using the singular or plural number alsoinclude the plural or singular number respectively. Additionally, thewords “herein,” “hereunder,” “above,” “below,” and words of similarimport, when used in this application, refer to this application as awhole and not to any particular portions of this application. When theword “or” is used in reference to a list of two or more items, that wordcovers all of the following interpretations of the word: any of theitems in the list, all of the items in the list and any combination ofthe items in the list.

The above description of embodiments of the crash detection, responseand reporting apparatus and method and the corresponding systems andmethods is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the systems andmethods to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments of,and examples for, the crash detection, response and reporting apparatusand method and corresponding systems and methods are described hereinfor illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possiblewithin the scope of the systems and methods, as those skilled in therelevant art will recognize. The teachings of the crash detection,response and reporting apparatus and method and corresponding systemsand methods provided herein can be applied to other systems and methods,not only for the systems and methods described above. The elements andactions of the various embodiments described above can be adapted,modified, and combined to provide further embodiments in accordance withthe present invention of the crash detection, response and reportingapparatus and methods and corresponding systems and methods in light ofthe above detailed description. While this invention has been describedin detail with particular reference to illustrative, non-limitingembodiments thereof, the principles and modes of operation of thepresent invention have been described in the foregoing specification.The invention is not to be construed as limited to the particular formsdisclosed because these are regarded as illustrative rather thanrestrictive. Moreover, those skilled in the art may make modifications,variations and changes thereto without departure from the spirit andscope of the invention as described by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A motor vehicle crash detection system,comprising: a tracking and dispatch center having a computer processorconfigured with an electronic memory device that maintains driverinformation of driver name, address, insurance company and policy numberfor a plurality of drivers and maintains vehicle crash information ofmotor vehicle, crash location data, date and time, and optionally one ormore sequences of sounds from a crash location, one or more imagesthereof, for a plurality of crashed motor vehicles; a plurality ofmobile communications devices, each associated with a respective one ofthe plurality of drivers and configured with a sensor that generates amotion signal responsive to motion of the mobile communications deviceand a sound receiver for receiving a sound signal of sound proximate themobile communications device; the mobile communications deviceconfigured with software instructions that upon execution monitors foran occurrence of a crash event by periodically interrogating (a) themotion signal to determine whether a change in motion exceeds apredetermined motion threshold or (b) the sound signal to determinewhether a sequence of sensed sound signals within a predetermined periodmatches crash sound indicators of (i) glass breakage and (ii) metalfolding; each mobile communications device comprising a display thatupon determining the occurrence of the crash incident displays apossible event window for selection of one of (a) to return the mobilecommunications device to monitoring for the occurrence of the crashincident and (b) to confirm the crash incident; the mobilecommunications device, upon (a) confirmation of the crash incident or(b) a failure of selection of one of the selectable options within apredetermined period, communicating by a communications network anidentifier associated with the mobile communications device and crashincident information of a location data, date and time to the trackingand dispatch center; at least one response servicer for dispatching bythe tracking and dispatch center to a site of the crash incident basedon the location data, the response servicer providing an imaging deviceand a communications device, whereby images received by the imagingdevice communicate by the communications device through the network tothe tracking and dispatch center; and a claims servicer that receivesfrom the tracking and dispatch center notice of the identifier and crashevent information, the claims service center configured for servicing aninsurance claim arising from the crash event using informationcommunicated to the tracking and dispatch center.
 2. The motor vehiclecrash detection system as recited in claim 1, wherein the responseservicer further provides a vehicle transporter, whereby the crashedmotor vehicle may be transported from the crash location, said responseservicer communicating transport information to the tracking anddispatch center.
 3. The motor vehicle crash detection system as recitedin claim 1, wherein the imaging device is operable for video.
 4. Themotor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, wherein theimaging device is operable for single frame images.
 5. The motor vehiclecrash detection system as recited in claim 1, further comprising anelectronic data storage device installed for communication with theimaging device for recording of images prior to communicating therecorded images to the tracking and dispatch center.
 6. The motorvehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, wherein the sensorcomprises an accelerometer that generates an acceleration signal asindicative of the motion of the mobile communications device.
 7. Themotor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, wherein thesensor comprises a gyroscope that generates an angular rotation signalas indicative of the motion of the mobile communications device.
 8. Themotor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, wherein theelectronic memory device of the tracking and dispatch center maintainscontact information of one or more persons having an interest in thestatus of a person using the mobile communications device, said trackingand dispatch center communicating crash event information to said one ormore persons upon receiving the crash incident information.
 9. The motorvehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, further comprisingan electronic memory device configured for receiving and storing crashincident information accessible to the tracking and dispatch center. 10.The motor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, whereinthe mobile communications device further comprising a continuousrecording database of the motion signal and the sound signals formaintaining a respective lead portion for a predetermined periodpreceding the possible crash event.
 11. The motor vehicle crashdetection system as recited in claim 10, wherein the imaging device ofthe response servicer is wireless.
 12. The motor vehicle crash detectionsystem as recited in claim 10, further comprising the continuousrecording database maintaining a trailing portion for a secondpredetermined period after the possible crash event.
 13. The motorvehicle crash detection as recited in claim 1, wherein the mobilecommunications device is configured to interrogate both the motionsignal and the sound signal in determining whether an occurrence of apossible crash event occurred based on the change in motion exceedingthe predetermined motion threshold and the sound signal matches crashsound indicators of (i) glass breakage and (ii) metal folding.
 14. Themotor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim 1, the mobilecommunications device configured for generating video files imaging thecrash event automatically upon the failure of the selection of one ofthe selectable options or selectively after confirmation of the crashevent, said video files communicated to the tracking and dispatchcenter.
 15. The motor vehicle crash detection system as recited in claim1, wherein the mobile communication devices further configured, uponfailure to respond within the first predetermined period, for making asecond alert with the mobile communications device for a response withina second predetermined period to (i) return to monitoring or (ii) toconfirm the possible crash event.
 16. The motor vehicle crash detectionsystem as recited in claim 15, wherein t the second alert comprisescommunicating an audible message as to the possible crash event and theresponse comprises a selectable voice option (i) to return monitoring or(ii) to confirm the possible crash event.
 17. The motor vehicle crashdetection system as recited in claim 1, further comprising the trackingand dispatch center providing the service provider with a geographicalidentification of the location of the crash incident.